Dementia is a disease that is characterized by memory loss. Dementia is a broad classification as it can be more narrowly define. Dementia can be broken down into different types affecting different parts of memory. Dementia is literally the loss of brain function and most often affects the elderly however the onset can occur at any age. Advanced forms of dementia can lead to delirium. Dementia and delirium go hand in hand for some people. There are numerous treatments that are known to slow the progression of dementia and delirium. Antipsychotic treatment has been a topic of debate for many years regarding the advantages and disadvantages it posses for dementia and delirium.

First, we will consider some of the following diseases that can lead to dementia. Some of these diseases include Alzheimer’s disease, having strokes, advanced Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and peripheral artery disease. The problem with all of these diseases is that it can lead to damaged nerves in the brain which are the main reasons for dementia. Brain injury or brain trauma can lead to dementia and delirium very fast. There are many symptoms associated with dementia. Some of these symptoms may include but are not limited to the following: loss of long term memory, loss of short term memory, loss of cognitive function such as participating in normal daily activities, loss of communication, loss of certain perceptions such as sight and smell.

Once a patient has advanced dementia it can often lead to delirium. Delirium is characterized by a sudden onset of mass confusion and quick changes in brain function that can occur at anytime. Delirium could lead to other negative consequences during the state of confusion. It is important to try to treat both the dementia and delirium. Antipsychotic treatment has recently been used to treat advanced stages of dementia that cause delirium. There are two main classes of antipsychotic medications which include first generation and second generation antipsychotic treatment. Antipsychotic treatment works by decreases the rate of firing neurons in the brain. They basically slow down the brain. However, the problem that many people experience with advanced dementia and antipsychotic treatment is that slowing down the brain functions can increase dementia. It’s kind of like a two headed sword. On one hand your treating the delirium and the patient can remain more focused more often. On the other hand your nay be hurting the patient by slowing down their brain function which could lead to worsened dementia.

Patients may respond differently to treatment. It is important to take particular note in the way a patient responds to antipsychotic treatment when initiating therapy. Most of these medications take a few weeks up to a month or 2 to take full effect. Some key notes to look for in patients starting treatment may include: worsening of memory, unusual acts such as screaming out in public, changes in perception of smell and sight. There are many antipsychotic treatments available and generally first generation antipsychotics have more side effects than second generation. Some of these side effects to look for in a patient initiaing therapy include weight gain, changes in glucose sugar levels, changes in heart rate, and changes in overall mood/expressions.

The most important thing when dealing with these patients is to keep in mind that nothing may work. If the patient continues to worsen the best you can do for him or her is support. The patient may not remember who you are but they most likely need you for help with daily activities. If you have any concerns on patients with dementia or Parkinson’s disease take a look for more information that can give ideas as to what signs to look for.

No related posts.